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Vertical up-flow-constructed wetlands integrating with microbial fuel cell (VFCW-MFC) were evaluated for NH4+-N removal and bioelectricity recovery. The experiments were carried out in lab-scale VFCW-MFC microcosms treating synthe...
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Vertical up-flow-constructed wetlands integrating with microbial fuel cell (VFCW-MFC) were evaluated for NH4+-N removal and bioelectricity recovery. The experiments were carried out in lab-scale VFCW-MFC microcosms treating synthetic domestic wastewater under different operational conditions of pH, hydraulic retention time, and mass loading rate. Effects of wild ornamental grass (Cenchrus setaceus) on treatment performance and voltage output were investigated simultaneously. Experiments demonstrated that the neutral pH of influents favoured NH4+-N removal and power generation. Extended retention time improved treatment capacity and power output but likely depended on the substrate availability. COD removal and power output increased, while NH4+-N removal decreased with increasing mass loading rates. At the loading rate of 88.31 mg COD/L.day, planted VFCW-MFCs exhibited better NH4+-N treatment performance (36.9%) and higher voltage output (132%-143%) than unplanted systems. Plants did not affect the COD removal efficiency of VFCW-MFCs (>95%). Power density was in the range of 1.26-1.59 mW/m(2) in planted microcosms with a maximum CE of 13.6%. The anode layer accounted for a major proportion of NH4+-N removal in VFCW-MFCs. This study implies that NH4+-N in domestic wastewaters with relatively high COD:N ratios can be treated effectively in up-flow CW-MFCs via anaerobic processes, including anammox and heterotrophic denitrifying processes. The mass loading rate could be a critical parameter to balance different microbial processes, thus, coincidently determining the potential of power recovery from wastewaters. [GRAPHICS]
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Convolutional neural network (CNN) is one of the most promising algorithms that outweighs other traditional methods in terms of accuracy in classification tasks. However, several CNNs, such as VGG, demand a huge computation in con...
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Convolutional neural network (CNN) is one of the most promising algorithms that outweighs other traditional methods in terms of accuracy in classification tasks. However, several CNNs, such as VGG, demand a huge computation in convolutional layers. Many accelerators implemented on powerful FPGAs have been introduced to address the problems. In this paper, we present a VGG-based accelerator which is optimized for a low-cost FPGA. In order to optimize the FPGA resource of logic element and memory, we propose a dedicated input buffer that maximizes the data reuse. In addition, we design a low resource processing engine with the optimal number of Multiply Accumulate (MAC) units. In the experiments, we use VGG16 model for inference to evaluate the performance of our accelerator and achieve a throughput of 38.8GOPS at a clock speed of 150MHz on Intel Cyclone V SX SoC. The experimental results show that our design is better than previous works in terms of resource efficiency.
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The paper proposes a computational approach to simulate the dynamic responses of composite plate resting on a Pasternak foundation subjected a moving load using the moving element. method (MEM). The plate element stiffness matrix ...
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The paper proposes a computational approach to simulate the dynamic responses of composite plate resting on a Pasternak foundation subjected a moving load using the moving element. method (MEM). The plate element stiffness matrix is formulated in a coordinate system which moves with the load. The main convenience is that the load is static in this coordinate system, which avoids the updating of the load locations due to the change of the contact points with the elements. The effects of the Pasternak foundation, energy dissipation mechanisms, load's velocity, material properties on the dynamic responses of the composite plates are investigated.
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The release of organic pollutants into the water solution might damage and negatively affect the environment and human health. To address the safe disposal and clean-up of such pollutants, we explore the photodegradation of organi...
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The release of organic pollutants into the water solution might damage and negatively affect the environment and human health. To address the safe disposal and clean-up of such pollutants, we explore the photodegradation of organic compounds in a water solution by immobilizing TiO2-SiO2 onto cordierite honeycomb monolith (CHM) support. We also pre-coat and cover the entire CHM by SiO2 layer to further enhance the specific surface area, mechanical properties of CHM, and adhesion of coated-photocatalyst. The catalytic layer thickness varies from 525 to 750 nm. Three ratios of TiO2-SiO2 (TS5, TS15, TS25), presenting in powder form and coating film onto CHM, were successfully prepared, characterized, and evaluated their photocatalytic activity toward the beta-naphthol degradation under UV 395 nm. TS5 is the most effective photocatalyst for photodegradation of beta-naphthol compound. However, the beta-naphthol decomposition efficiency of the CHM photocatalytic system was lower than that of the powder sample. The main reason might come from the ineffective light transmission in the channels of CHM supports, especially between the middle to the end of channels.
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A combination of biomass-derived activated carbon and nano-carbonaceous materials has been considered as a sustainable approach to developing the highly electro-adsorptive electrode for desalination by capacitive deionization (CDI...
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A combination of biomass-derived activated carbon and nano-carbonaceous materials has been considered as a sustainable approach to developing the highly electro-adsorptive electrode for desalination by capacitive deionization (CDI) technology. These composites can propose many enormous advantages such as non-toxicity, eco-friendly, high conductivity, and scalability. This work aimed to fabricate the composite coconut-shell-derived activated carbon/carbon nanotubes electrode with low CNTs content (1 wt%) for desalination. The nitrogen adsorption/desorption demonstrates the decrease of surface area of AC/CNTs-1% composite as compared to AC-pristine due to the blocking of micropores of AC. The SEM images evidenced good connection between CNTs and AC particles, where the fibrils of CNTs were featured as the electrical bridges to improve the electron transfer between the AC particles in the electrode structure. Comparison of the CDI performance of AC/CNTs-1% composite electrode in two regimes (batch mode and single-pass mode) in Ragone plot showed that the singlepass mode provided the essential factors of salt absorption capacity and average salt adsorption rate which shifted toward much upper and right regions, indicating the superior desalination performance. At the operation of 1.2 V, the batch mode and single-pass mode can deliver the salt absorption capacity of 10.93 mg g(-1) and 11.97 mg g(-1), respectively. The durability test of our CDI system in single-pass mode showed a stable performance on 100 cycles with the energy consumption of 0.284 kWh m(-3) which is suitable for large-scale CDI applications using the renewable energy sources.
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The growth of the blockchain-based cryptocurrencies has attracted a lot of attention from a variety of fields, especially in academic research. One of them is Bitcoin, the most popular and highest valued cryptocurrency on the mark...
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The growth of the blockchain-based cryptocurrencies has attracted a lot of attention from a variety of fields, especially in academic research. One of them is Bitcoin, the most popular and highest valued cryptocurrency on the market. The SHA256 is the main processing part in Bitcoin mining, to date the difficulty of which is extremely high and still increases relentlessly. Hence, it is essential to improve the speed of the SHA256 cores in the Bitcoin mining system. In this paper, we propose a two-level pipeline hardware architecture for the SHA256 processing. The first-level pipeline helps the system reduce the number of operating cycles. Besides, the maximum frequency of the system is boosted by the second-level pipeline. The proposed hardware is implemented on FPGA Xilinx Virtex 7-VC707 (28 nm technology). The mining hash rate using the proposed pipeline SHA256 cores reaches 514.92 MH/s that improves 2.4 times compared to the FPGA based conventional technique. The throughput of SHA core of current study is 296.108 Gbps that is 240 times higher compared to the standard technique. The proposed architecture is also implemented in an ASIC design using ROHM 180 nm CMOS technology, which resulted in a throughput of 69.28 Gbps that is 18 times higher than that of conventional work implemented in Intel 14 nm process.
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Each year, Asia produces an estimated 350 million tonnes of agricultural residues. According to Ministry of Power projections, numerous tonnes of such waste are discarded each year, in addition to being used as green manure. The m...
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Each year, Asia produces an estimated 350 million tonnes of agricultural residues. According to Ministry of Power projections, numerous tonnes of such waste are discarded each year, in addition to being used as green manure. The methodology used to convert agricultural waste into the most valuable biochar, as well as its critical physical and chemical properties, were described in this review. This review also investigates the beneficial effects of bio and phytoremediation on metal(lloid)-contaminated soil. Agriculture biomass-based biochar is an intriguing organic residue material with the potential to be used as a responsible solution for metal(lloid) polluted soil remediation and soil improvement. Plants with faster growth and higher biomass can meet massive remediation demands. Recent research shows significant progress in agricultural biomass-based biomass con-version as biochar, as well as understanding the frameworks of metal(lloid) accumulation and mobility in plants used for metal(lloid) polluted soil remediation. Biochar made from various agricultural biomass can promote native plant growth and improve phytoremediation efficiency in polluted soil with metal(lloid)s. This carbon -enriched biochar promotes native microbial activity by neutralising pH and providing adequate nutrition. Thus, this review critically examines the feasibility of converting agricultural waste biomass into biochar, as well as the impact on plant and microbe remediation potential in metal(lloid)s polluted soil.
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Few-shot learning is proposed to overcome the problem of scarce training data in novel classes. Recently, few-shot learning has been well adopted in various computer vision tasks such as object recognition and object detection. Ho...
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Few-shot learning is proposed to overcome the problem of scarce training data in novel classes. Recently, few-shot learning has been well adopted in various computer vision tasks such as object recognition and object detection. However, the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods have less attention to effectively reuse the information from previous stages. In this paper, we propose a new framework of few-shot learning for object detection. In particular, we adopt Baby Learning mechanism along with the multiple receptive fields to effectively utilize the former knowledge in novel domain. The propoed framework imitates the learning process of a baby through visual cues. The extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over the SOTA methods on the benchmarks (improve average 7.0% on PASCAL VOC and 1.6% on MS COCO).(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Over the last decades, Bioinformatics has been being in its honeymoon phase with more and more new algorithms as well as their improvements proposed. In Bioinformatics, the sequence alignment step is considered as an integral part...
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Over the last decades, Bioinformatics has been being in its honeymoon phase with more and more new algorithms as well as their improvements proposed. In Bioinformatics, the sequence alignment step is considered as an integral part that directly contributes to the DNA, RNA, or protein identifications. Despite the undeniable enhancements from the provided algorithms and computing architectures in the recent years, it is still far more to state that sequence alignment has already achieved the ideal performance. In this work, we focus on one of the most perfect justifiable steps in a state-of-the-art DNA/RNA alignment algorithm, the seed extension step in the BWA-MEM algorithm. We propose a high-speed and less power consumption FPGA-based IP core that is designed in a pipeline model under various FPGA technologies. Our core is able to operate at more than 200 MHz in almost all FPGA architectures and even up to 529 MHz on a Xilinx Virtex 6 FPGA device. The core can provide speed-ups by up to 350x when compared with an Intel Core i5 general purpose processor.
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This paper proposes a novel 3-phase asymmetric 3-level T-type NPC inverter and studies its PWM performance using a virtual space vector pulse width modulation control strategy. Firstly, the mathematical model and characteristics o...
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This paper proposes a novel 3-phase asymmetric 3-level T-type NPC inverter and studies its PWM performance using a virtual space vector pulse width modulation control strategy. Firstly, the mathematical model and characteristics of this economical topology are described. Then, a virtual space vector approach is proposed to build a space vector diagram for designing SVPWM control. Similar to the conventional 3-level NPC inverter, the asymmetric inverter can also work with the neutral point voltage self-balancing in a fundamental period, which enables employment of this topology in various applications. Finally, simulation and experiment results under different load conditions have shown good output performance of the asymmetric 3-level topology. Similar tests are also performed on both conventional 2-level and 3-level inverters for comparison. For an almost similar number of different voltage vectors in the space vector diagram, the asymmetric 3-level topology can compete with conventional 3-level inverters for low-cost applications. The obvious benefit of the asymmetric 3-level inverter is a smaller number of switches devices while it can achieve output performance similar to that of the conventional 3-level. The comparative investigation also shows that the total loss given by SVPWM for the asymmetric 3-level configuration is lower than that of the traditional 3-level inverter.
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